Below is the syntax highlighted version of Out.java.
/****************************************************************************** * Compilation: javac Out.java * Execution: java Out * Dependencies: none * * Writes data of various types to: stdout, file, or socket. * ******************************************************************************/ package edu.princeton.cs.algs4; import java.io.FileOutputStream; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.OutputStream; import java.io.OutputStreamWriter; import java.io.PrintWriter; import java.net.Socket; import java.nio.charset.Charset; import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets; import java.util.Locale; /** * The <code>Out</code> data type provides methods for writing strings and * numbers to various output streams, including standard output, file, and sockets. * <p> * For additional documentation, see * <a href="https://introcs.cs.princeton.edu/31datatype">Section 3.1</a> of * <i>Computer Science: An Interdisciplinary Approach</i> * by Robert Sedgewick and Kevin Wayne. * * @author Robert Sedgewick * @author Kevin Wayne */ public class Out { // force Unicode UTF-8 encoding; otherwise it's system dependent private static final Charset CHARSET = StandardCharsets.UTF_8; // assume language = English, country = US for consistency with In private static final Locale LOCALE = Locale.US; private PrintWriter out; /** * Initializes an output stream from a {@link OutputStream}. * * @param os the {@code OutputStream} */ public Out(OutputStream os) { OutputStreamWriter osw = new OutputStreamWriter(os, CHARSET); out = new PrintWriter(osw, true); } /** * Initializes an output stream from standard output. */ public Out() { this(System.out); } /** * Initializes an output stream from a socket. * * @param socket the socket * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code filename} is {@code null} * @throws IllegalArgumentException if cannot create output stream from socket */ public Out(Socket socket) { if (socket == null) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("socket argument is null"); } try { OutputStream os = socket.getOutputStream(); OutputStreamWriter osw = new OutputStreamWriter(os, CHARSET); out = new PrintWriter(osw, true); } catch (IOException e) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("could not create output stream from socket", e); } } /** * Initializes an output stream from a file. * * @param filename the name of the file * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code filename} is {@code null} * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code filename} is the empty string * @throws IllegalArgumentException if cannot write the file {@code filename} */ public Out(String filename) { if (filename == null) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("filename argument is null"); } if (filename.length() == 0) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("filename argument is the empty string"); } try { OutputStream os = new FileOutputStream(filename); OutputStreamWriter osw = new OutputStreamWriter(os, CHARSET); out = new PrintWriter(osw, true); } catch (IOException e) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("could not create file '" + filename + "' for writing", e); } } /** * Closes the output stream. */ public void close() { out.close(); } /** * Terminates the current line by printing the line-separator string. */ public void println() { out.println(); } /** * Prints an object to this output stream and then terminates the line. * * @param x the object to print */ public void println(Object x) { out.println(x); } /** * Prints a boolean to this output stream and then terminates the line. * * @param x the boolean to print */ public void println(boolean x) { out.println(x); } /** * Prints a character to this output stream and then terminates the line. * * @param x the character to print */ public void println(char x) { out.println(x); } /** * Prints a double to this output stream and then terminates the line. * * @param x the double to print */ public void println(double x) { out.println(x); } /** * Prints a float to this output stream and then terminates the line. * * @param x the float to print */ public void println(float x) { out.println(x); } /** * Prints an integer to this output stream and then terminates the line. * * @param x the integer to print */ public void println(int x) { out.println(x); } /** * Prints a long to this output stream and then terminates the line. * * @param x the long to print */ public void println(long x) { out.println(x); } /** * Prints a byte to this output stream and then terminates the line. * <p> * To write binary data, see {@link BinaryOut}. * * @param x the byte to print */ public void println(byte x) { out.println(x); } /** * Flushes this output stream. */ public void print() { out.flush(); } /** * Prints an object to this output stream and flushes this output stream. * * @param x the object to print */ public void print(Object x) { out.print(x); out.flush(); } /** * Prints a boolean to this output stream and flushes this output stream. * * @param x the boolean to print */ public void print(boolean x) { out.print(x); out.flush(); } /** * Prints a character to this output stream and flushes this output stream. * * @param x the character to print */ public void print(char x) { out.print(x); out.flush(); } /** * Prints a double to this output stream and flushes this output stream. * * @param x the double to print */ public void print(double x) { out.print(x); out.flush(); } /** * Prints a float to this output stream and flushes this output stream. * * @param x the float to print */ public void print(float x) { out.print(x); out.flush(); } /** * Prints an integer to this output stream and flushes this output stream. * * @param x the integer to print */ public void print(int x) { out.print(x); out.flush(); } /** * Prints a long integer to this output stream and flushes this output stream. * * @param x the long integer to print */ public void print(long x) { out.print(x); out.flush(); } /** * Prints a byte to this output stream and flushes this output stream. * * @param x the byte to print */ public void print(byte x) { out.print(x); out.flush(); } /** * Prints a formatted string to this output stream, using the specified format * string and arguments, and then flushes this output stream. * * @param format the format string * @param args the arguments accompanying the format string */ public void printf(String format, Object... args) { out.printf(LOCALE, format, args); out.flush(); } /** * Prints a formatted string to this output stream, using the specified * locale, format string, and arguments, and then flushes this output stream. * * @param locale the locale * @param format the format string * @param args the arguments accompanying the format string */ public void printf(Locale locale, String format, Object... args) { out.printf(locale, format, args); out.flush(); } /** * A test client. * * @param args the command-line arguments */ public static void main(String[] args) { Out out; // write to stdout out = new Out(); out.println("Test 1"); out.close(); // write to a file out = new Out("test.txt"); out.println("Test 2"); out.close(); } } /****************************************************************************** * Copyright 2002-2022, Robert Sedgewick and Kevin Wayne. * * This file is part of algs4.jar, which accompanies the textbook * * Algorithms, 4th edition by Robert Sedgewick and Kevin Wayne, * Addison-Wesley Professional, 2011, ISBN 0-321-57351-X. * http://algs4.cs.princeton.edu * * * algs4.jar is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or * (at your option) any later version. * * algs4.jar is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the * GNU General Public License for more details. * * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License * along with algs4.jar. If not, see http://www.gnu.org/licenses. ******************************************************************************/